Most Dangerous Diseases In India

India is home to several deadly diseases, varying in nature and affecting many people across the country. Dealing with such diseases in time is crucial. However, lack of finances and limited access to high-quality medical infrastructure often stop people from getting the right treatment for these diseases. A health insurance plan can be of help here. By providing financial support during medical situations, health insurance allows one to get the necessary treatment and care. It acts as a safety net in these situations. However, even if you have a health insurance plan, it is advisable to be aware of the diseases common amongst Indians, so that you can take all preventive measures.* Claims are subject to terms and conditions set forth under health insurance policy.

7 Most Dangerous Diseases in India

1. Cardiovascular diseases

Cardiovascular diseases or CVDs are the main reason for global deaths, claiming around 17.9 million lives annually. CVDs include various health problems affecting the heart and blood vessels, such as coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, and other related conditions. Risk factors for CVDs include an unhealthy diet, lack of physical activity, tobacco consumption, and alcohol abuse.

2. Stroke

A stroke happens when a blood vessel in the brain gets blocked. People who have high blood pressure, a family history of stroke, or smoking habits are at higher risk for a stroke. Preventive care, medications, and lifestyle changes can help reduce the risk associated with these factors. Adopting good health habits may also lower your overall risk of experiencing a stroke. Note - The finances required to deal with serious, life-threatening diseases such as strokes are quite high. Hence, to supplement your health insurance, you should opt for a critical illness insurance plan. Such a plan provides a lump-sum payout on the diagnosis of the covered illness, which can be used for high-quality treatment and care.* Claims are subject to terms and conditions set forth under health insurance policy.

3. Diabetes 

Diabetes impacts the production or the usage of insulin in the body. While type 1 diabetes arises when the pancreas cannot produce insulin, Type 2 diabetes occurs when the pancreas does not generate enough insulin or when insulin is not used effectively. Being overweight or having obesity, high blood pressure, being of an older age, lack of regular exercise, and an unhealthy diet, increase the risk of diabetes. Its symptoms can be managed by maintaining regular exercise and adopting a balanced, nutritious diet. Also Read: Health Insurance for Diabetes

4. Malaria

As per the World Malaria Report 2019, India contributes to 3% of the malaria cases worldwide. Malaria is caused by the Plasmodium parasite, which is carried and transmitted to human bodies by the female Anopheles mosquitoes. Malaria symptoms can include fever and flu-like symptoms, such as chills, headache, muscle aches, and fatigue. Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhoea are also common in some cases. Antimalarial drugs and mosquito control measures can help in treatment.

5. Tuberculosis

Tuberculosis or TB is a contagious illness that primarily affects the lungs and is caused by a specific type of bacteria. It transmits through the air when infected individuals cough, sneeze, or spit. As per the WHO, India is one of the top 30 countries with a high TB burden, making it one of the most dangerous diseases in the country. Tuberculosis can be prevented with the right measures and cured as well.

6. Diarrhoea

Diarrhoea is a prevalent health issue in India and affects children in particular. As per a report published in the Journal of Global Health Reports in May 2023, diarrhoea claims the lives of over half a million children annually. Out of these, approximately 120,000 of these cases occur in India. Symptoms of diarrhoea may involve stomach cramps or pain, bloating, nausea, vomiting, fever, blood in the stool, mucus in the stool, and an urgent need to have a bowel movement. Oral Rehydration Salts or ORS can help avert the negative consequences of diarrhoea to a great extent.

7. Hepatitis

As per the most recent estimates by WHO, approximately 40 million people in India are dealing with chronic hepatitis B, while six to 12 million individuals face chronic hepatitis C infections. Hepatitis is the inflammation of the liver. It can result from viral infection, alcohol consumption, various health conditions, or even certain medications. There are five types of Hepatitis - A, B, C, D, and E with each having a separate common route of transmission. Treatment can differ depending on the type and underlying cause.

Significance for Treatment of Dangerous Diseases

Timely and effective treatment is critical for managing various types of diseases in India. Early detection of life-threatening conditions such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and diabetes significantly improves the chances of successful treatment and recovery. Advances in medical technology and greater public awareness have led to better healthcare access, which plays a crucial role in saving lives. Regular screenings, timely interventions, and a proactive approach toward healthcare can help in early-stage diagnosis. For example, routine health check-ups can detect high cholesterol or blood pressure levels, allowing individuals to make necessary lifestyle adjustments. Ultimately, proper treatment at the right time can mitigate the long-term effects of many dangerous diseases, reducing both mortality and morbidity rates in the country. Also Read: Common Causes & Preventive Measures for Hypertension

Role of Health Insurance in Disease Management

Health insurance plays a critical role in the treatment and management of most common diseases in India, especially while dealing with expensive medical procedures and long-term care. With rising healthcare costs, particularly for chronic conditions such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases, health insurance plans can provide the financial protection individuals need to access quality treatment. For many, health insurance ensures they don't have to worry about the high out-of-pocket expenses associated with surgeries, medication, and rehabilitation. Moreover, health insurance for senior citizens is especially beneficial, as older individuals are more prone to chronic illnesses and often requires continuous medical attention. Insurance policies can help cover the cost of doctor visits, hospitalisation, and critical treatments, thus offering a sense of financial security while managing these life-threatening diseases.

Impact of Lifestyle Changes on Disease Patterns

The increasing prevalence of lifestyle diseases in India, such as diabetes, heart disease, and obesity, is closely linked to poor lifestyle choices. The rise in sedentary lifestyles, unhealthy eating habits, and high-stress levels has created a breeding ground for these chronic conditions. Simple lifestyle changes such as adopting a balanced diet, engaging in regular physical activity, and managing stress effectively can have a profound impact on reducing the incidence of these diseases. For example, switching to a low-fat diet, regular exercise, and adequate sleep can prevent or delay the onset of diseases like diabetes and hypertension. Public awareness campaigns encourage healthier living and educate people on the importance of regular health screenings can play an important role in reversing the trend of rising lifestyle-related diseases. If you have a health insurance plan, you can rely on the financial support provided by it for the treatment of many of the above diseases, only if it is a part of your policy coverage. However, please note that not all diseases may be covered by your health insurance plan. Note down the exclusions and conditions of your health plan before purchasing it. For a plan that fits your budget while providing you with the coverage you need, you can use a health insurance calculator.* Claims are subject to terms and conditions set forth under health insurance policy.

FAQs

How can one prevent vector-borne diseases like malaria and dengue?

Preventing vector-borne diseases involves eliminating mosquito breeding sites, using insect repellents, and wearing protective clothing. Regular fumigation and community awareness are essential for reducing the spread of these diseases.

What role does health insurance play in managing chronic diseases?

Health insurance helps cover the high costs of managing chronic diseases like diabetes and hypertension, including medications, doctor visits, and hospitalisation, making it easier for patients to receive continuous care without financial strain.

What are the top lifestyle diseases in India?

The top lifestyle diseases in India include diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and chronic respiratory diseases. These conditions are often caused by poor diet, lack of exercise, and stress.

What was the deadliest disease in history?

The deadliest disease in history was the Spanish flu of 1918, which claimed an estimated 50 million lives worldwide, more than any other pandemic in modern history. * Standard T&C apply. Insurance is the subject matter of solicitation. For more details on benefits, exclusions, limitations, terms, and conditions, please read the sales brochure/policy wording carefully before concluding a sale.